Afghanistan has been in conflict for the past 40 years. In the 1980s, the war between the Taliban and a Soviet-backed central government left 1.5 million to 2 million dead and more than 7 million people displaced.

Since its independence in 1960, more than 10 coups (between 1995–2005) have catalyzed widespread violence in the CAR.

Colombia has endured more than 70 years of multifaceted internal conflict, beginning with La Violencia between the Colombian Conservative Party and the Colombian Liberal Party in the 1950s.

Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed Ali’s rise to power in 2018 presented a beacon of hope for a just, peaceful, united Ethiopia. However, Ethiopia’s peacebuilding and transitional justice efforts have been…

The Gambia emerged from more than two decades of dictatorship in December 2016 when authoritarian ruler Yahya Jammeh was unexpectedly defeated at the ballot box by property developer Adama Barrow. Jammeh had seized power in a coup in 1994, after which he banned opposition political parties and installed a government of military officers.

Since gaining its independence in 1956, Guinea has experienced cycles of repressive governments that come to power via coups and promise to establish a democratic system…

Lebanon is in the midst of a series of cascading crises that encompass the economy, security, governance and the justice and education sectors.

Between 1929 and the present day, the Mexican people have experienced periods of authoritarian governance, economic inequality, immense political corruption and widespread human rights abuses.

Truth, justice and historical memory are tightly controlled by the government of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), and in the last several years, they have been curtailed even further.

The Rohingya people are a stateless Muslim minority from Rakhine State, Myanmar. The Rohingya population was estimated to be 1.4 million before the “clearance operations” conducted by the Burmese military in 2017.

Sri Lanka endured a 26-year civil war from 1983–2009, whose roots lay in 150 years of discriminatory British colonial policies, which gave the ethnic minority Tamil people greater access to education and public employment opportunities than the Sinhalese ethnic majority.

Conflict in South Sudan has its origin in discriminatory British colonial policies that benefited certain ethnic groups over others.

The uprising in Syria started in March 2011 through peaceful demonstrations, one of a series in the Middle East’s movement for democracy often referred to as the “Arab Spring.”

The people of Sudan have suffered from decades of multidimensional civil war. The first period of conflict began a few months after Sudan’s independence in 1955 and lasted until 1972, followed by the second period between 1985–2005.

Tunisia was the catalyst for the “Dignity Revolutions” in 2011 that inspired large mobilizations against authoritarianism, corruption and economic hardship in North African and Middle Eastern countries.

In the United States, the pursuit of and access to the truth is shaped by a legacy of systemic racism and the reality of an increasingly polarized political environment.

Russia’s full-scale, multi-pronged invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has caused widespread devastation and immense human suffering.

For two decades, Venezuela has been ruled by the Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela (PSUV). During this time, which encompasses both the rule of Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro…